Glossary
What is malware?
Malware (malicious software) is any program designed to harm, exploit or gain unauthorized access to a device or network. It includes viruses, worms, trojans, ransomware, spyware and more — and is frequently delivered through phishing emails and attachments.
Common types of malware
Malware comes in many forms: viruses that attach to files, worms that spread on their own, trojans disguised as legitimate software, ransomware that encrypts data, spyware that secretly collects information, and keyloggers that capture what you type.
Most malware reaches an organization through people — a phishing attachment, a malicious link or a fake download — which is why human awareness matters as much as endpoint tools.
How malware gets in
The most common entry points are phishing emails, malicious attachments and links, fake software updates, and infected USB devices. One careless click can give attackers a foothold.
How to prevent malware
- Don't open unexpected attachments or click unverified links.
- Keep software and operating systems patched and up to date.
- Use endpoint protection and least-privilege access.
- Train employees to recognize the phishing that delivers most malware.
How HookPhish helps
HookPhish reduces malware risk at the source by training people to spot the phishing emails and attachments that deliver it, and by helping them report suspicious messages fast.
Frequently asked questions
How does malware usually spread?+
Most malware spreads through phishing emails, malicious attachments and links, fake downloads and infected devices — usually requiring a person to click or open something.
How can I prevent malware?+
Avoid unexpected attachments and links, patch software promptly, use endpoint protection, and train people to recognize phishing.
Is ransomware a type of malware?+
Yes. Ransomware is malware that encrypts your data and demands payment for its release.
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